Detection of long-period variations in the subdwarf B star PG 0101+039 on the basis of photometry from the MOST satellite

Abstract

We report the detection of three discrete pulsation frequencies in the long-period variable subdwarf B star PG 0101+039 on the basis of ~400 hr of MOST wide-band photometry. The periodicities uncovered lie at 7235, 5227, and 2650 s, respectively, and are associated with amplitudes between 0.03% and 0.06% of the mean brightness, lower than those measured in any other variable of this kind. We also find evidence for luminosity variations consistent with an ellipsoidal deformation of the subdwarf in the rotationally locked short-period binary system predicted from radial velocity measurements and evolutionary models. Our atmospheric modeling of two independent time-averaged optical spectra of PG 0101+039 yields T[subscript eff] [tilde underscore] 28;300 K and log g [tilde underscore] 5:52, making it one of the hottest long-period variable subdwarf B stars known. The fact that we nevertheless detect brightness variations in the data is in conflict with predictions from current models, which place the theoretical blue edge for observable long-period instabilities at a temperature around 4000 K cooler than that of PG 0101+039.