Direitos dos Índios: um olhar da Análise Econômico-Comportamental do Direito

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dc.creator Bijos, Leila
dc.creator Prola Júnior, Carlos Humberto
dc.creator Tabak, Benjamin Miranda
dc.date.accessioned 2021-09-23T15:18:18Z
dc.date.available 2021-09-23T15:18:18Z
dc.date.issued 2017
dc.identifier.issn 1516-0351
dc.identifier.uri http://library2.smu.ca/xmlui/handle/01/29920
dc.description Published version en_CA
dc.description.abstract As teorias antropológicas mais adequadas às realidades empíricas observadas em estudos etnográficos realizados em vários países e em diversas regiões do planeta – e que permeiam o novo paradigma estabelecido pela Constituição Federal de 1988, que consagra um estado pluriétnico e o direito à diferenciação social –, demonstram o desenvolvimento de conceitos antropológicos, que apresentam ideias de aculturação, que o isolamento seria imprescindível à preservação da identidade étnica e de supremacia entre sociedades humanas. Embora essas ideias têm se refletido em nosso ordenamento jurídico na Jurisprudência, inclusive dos Tribunais Superiores, que têm decidido quem é ou não “índio legítimo” a partir de estereótipos que habitam o senso comum da nossa sociedade. Essas decisões mostram-se permeadas por preconceitos, frutos de vieses e heurísticas, objeto de estudo pela Análise Econômico-Comportamental do Direito – AED Comportamental. São resultado da operação inconsciente da heurística da representatividade, em especial, decorrência do viés da ilusão de validade, que leva a graves erros, pois a (suposta) similaridade, representatividade não é influenciada por diversos fatores que certamente afetariam esses julgamentos. Essas constatações denotam a necessidade de os juízes reconhecerem que também eles podem ter preconceitos inconscientes e vieses cognitivos, que podem influenciar seus julgamentos e decisões, devendo socorrer-se de laudos antropológicos, visando chegar a uma decisão refletida e apartada – na maior medida em que possível – desses vieses e heurísticas, nos julgamentos envolvendo os direitos dos índios. Nesse sentido, a metodologia utilizada para a análise em apreço é classificada como explicativa, método hipotético-dedutivo, constando de pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio de documentação, com fundamento no liberalismo político de John Rawls, além do liberalismo multicultural e o papel da Convenção 169 da OIT, na implementação desse liberalismo em relação aos povos indígenas. <br> The most appropriate anthropological theories to the empirical realities observed in ethnographic studies conducted in several countries and in various regions of the planet - and that permeate the new paradigm established by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988 devotes a multiethnic state and the right to social differentiation – it shows the inappropriateness of acculturation ideas, emphasizing that isolation would be essential to the preservation of ethnic identity and supremacy of human societies. Although its inappropriateness is evident, these ideas have been reflected in our legal system and also in the European Court, including the Superior Courts, who have decide who is or is not "legitimate Indian" from stereotypes inhabiting the common sense of our society. These decisions show it is permeated by prejudices, biases and heuristics fruits studied by Economic and Behavioral Analysis of Law - AED Behavioral. Are the result of unconscious operation of the representativeness heuristic, in particular due to the bias of the illusion of validity, which leads to serious errors, because the (supposed) similarity representation is not influenced by several factors that would certainly affect those judgments? These findings point out to the need for judges to recognize that they also may have unconscious biases and cognitive biases that can influence their judgments and decisions and should have recourse to anthropological reports, aiming to reach a considered and detached decision - to the greatest extent that possible - these biases and heuristics in trials involving the rights of Indians. In this sense, the methodology used for this analysis is classified as explanatory, hypothetical-deductive method, consisting of bibliographical research, through documentation, based on John Rawls political liberalism, multicultural liberalism and the role of Convention 169 of the ILO, in the implementation of this liberalism in relation to indigenous peoples. en_CA
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dc.language.iso pt pt
dc.publisher Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro en_CA
dc.relation.uri https://doi.org/10.12957/rqi.2017.26868
dc.rights <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/80x15.png" /></a> This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> This license allows others to distribute, remix, adapt and create from your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they give you credit for the original creation: ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
dc.subject.lcsh Indigenous peoples -- Civil rights -- Brazil
dc.subject.lcsh Ethnocentrism -- Brazil
dc.subject.lcsh Differentiation (Sociology) -- Brazil
dc.subject.lcsh Ethnicity -- Brazil
dc.title Direitos dos Índios: um olhar da Análise Econômico-Comportamental do Direito en_CA
dc.type Text en_CA
dcterms.bibliographicCitation Revista Quaestio Iuris 10(4), 2458-2481. (2017) en_CA
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Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License This license allows others to distribute, remix, adapt and create from your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they give you credit for the original creation: ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
 
Published Version: https://doi.org/10.12957/rqi.2017.26868
 
 

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