An analysis of coping mechanisms and health outcomes in a feminine context

Abstract

Previously, research has argued that there are sex-based differences in coping with work stress. However, these studies were typically conducted in male-dominated contexts and did not control for organizational level or access to coping resources. I empirically investigate these potential confounds arguing that different outcomes will arise when organizational levels and context vary. Survey data were collected from managers ( n = 125) and clerical workers ( n = 161) at a health care institution to explore these hypotheses in a feminine context. Participants perceived female employees as demonstrating equal or more leadership behaviours than male employees. In this context, two novel findings emerged. First, even women at lower organizational levels were more likely to use direct action coping. Second, emotion-focused coping benefitted men and women's health. With greater understanding of the relationship between gender, work stress coping mechanisms and health, stress prevention strategies may be developed to minimize strain accordingly.