Understanding parameters for site characterization and their influence on restoration trajectory in tidal marshes in Nova Scotia, Canada

Abstract

This study investigated the characterization and trajectory of ten restoration and six natural tidal marshes by assessing site similarities and differences. Using previously collected data, a PCA identified three groupings along with environmental variables and some ungrouped sites and variables; one grouping—BEL, SCP, and SCW—shared similarities both pre- and postrestoration. Clusters identified during subsequent analyses were by sediment type (organogenic or minerogenic) and incorporated present-day data. Pre-conditions may influence the restoration trajectory of certain sites, particularly former agricultural lands and impoundments. Cumulative accretion estimates compared to IPCC sea-level rise projections several sites are threatened and identified one site of particular concern. However, vegetation data at the plot level shows increases in vegetated area and halophytic cover, and high marsh at sites into Year 10+ post-restoration. This study is one of the first to explore characterization and trajectory of both restoration and natural tidal marshes in mainland Nova Scotia.